Data source
TAO Holder Monitor reports use Taostats account and chain-statistics data for Bittensor mainnet. Analysis is performed at coldkey level.
Transparent by design
Methodology
The definitions, calculations and limitations behind every TAO Holder Monitor report.
Total TAO
Total TAO equals free balance plus Root stake plus alpha stake converted into TAO-equivalent value. Balances expressed in rao are converted at 1 TAO = 1,000,000,000 rao.
Supply denominator
Concentration percentages use the Taostats issued supply at the snapshot. This can differ from third-party circulating-supply definitions.
Coldkey scope
A coldkey is an on-chain account, not a verified person. One entity may control several coldkeys; custodial coldkeys may represent many users.
Bracket structure
Reports distinguish cumulative thresholds, such as ≥100 TAO, from non-overlapping brackets, such as 100–249.99 TAO. Every table states which method it uses.
Snapshot record
Every edition records its snapshot date, supply definition, balance coverage and, where available, the capture time and Bittensor block number.
Calculation notes
Comparable snapshots, measured consistently.
Concentration
Group share = the group’s combined total TAO divided by issued TAO at the same snapshot.
group TAO ÷ issued TAO × 100Staked share
Staked share compares Root and alpha stake, valued in TAO, with the group’s total TAO-equivalent balance.
staked TAO equivalent ÷ total TAO × 100Cumulative thresholds
A cumulative threshold includes every coldkey at or above the stated minimum. Results overlap: the ≥1,000 TAO group is also included in the ≥100 TAO group.
all coldkeys with total TAO ≥ thresholdNon-overlapping brackets
A non-overlapping bracket assigns each coldkey to one balance range. Unless a report states otherwise, the lower bound is inclusive and the upper bound ends immediately before the next bracket.
100 TAO ≤ total TAO < 250 TAOSnapshot discipline
Supply and account balances are captured as close together as possible. Comparisons use consistent definitions and identify any material methodology change.
Important limitations
Account data needs careful interpretation.
Not people-level data. Coldkeys do not map one-to-one to individual holders.
Custodial balances. Exchange or custodian coldkeys can represent many beneficial owners.
TAO-equivalent valuation. Alpha stake can change in reported TAO value without a transfer.
No trade inference. A balance increase or decrease is not automatically a buy or sell.
Known-address treatment. Exchange, custodian and other identified coldkeys remain included unless a report explicitly presents an adjusted view.
Corrections and revisions. Material corrections will be dated and described on the affected report so historical comparisons remain auditable.
TAO Holder Monitor is independent research for informational purposes. It is not financial advice.